of Darius

Dārēus (so the best editt. of Cicero and Curtius; cf. Zumpt, Gramm. § 2) or Dā-rīus (Dărĭī, Sid. Carm. 9, 51:

Dărīos,

Aus. Ep. 5, 23, v. no. II.), ii, m., Dareios [a Persian word, from R. dar-, to hold:

"the sustainer of the empire," Max. Müller, Science of Lang. 2, 220],

the name of several Persian Kings, Cic. Fin. 5, 30 fin.; Plin. 6, 13, 16, § 41; Curt. and Just. passim; Ov. lb. 317; Claud. Epist. 1, 17.—

Meton. for the gold coin stamped under Darius, a daric, Aus. l. l.—Hence, Darīus, a, um, adj. (late Lat.), of Darius, opes, Mart. Cap. 6, § 578.

Dārēus (so the best editt. of Cicero and Curtius; cf. Zumpt, Gramm. § 2) or Dā-rīus (Dărĭī, Sid. Carm. 9, 51:

Dărīos,

Aus. Ep. 5, 23, v. no. II.), ii, m., Dareios [a Persian word, from R. dar-, to hold:

"the sustainer of the empire," Max. Müller, Science of Lang. 2, 220],

the name of several Persian Kings, Cic. Fin. 5, 30 fin.; Plin. 6, 13, 16, § 41; Curt. and Just. passim; Ov. lb. 317; Claud. Epist. 1, 17.—

Meton. for the gold coin stamped under Darius, a daric, Aus. l. l.—Hence, Darīus, a, um, adj. (late Lat.), of Darius, opes, Mart. Cap. 6, § 578.

ăn, conj. [etym. very obscure; v. the various views adduced in Hand, I. p. 296, with which he seems dissatisfied; if it is connected with the Sanscr. anjas, = Germ. ander, = Engl. other, we may comp. the Engl. other and or with the Germ. oder, = or]. It introduces the second part of a disjunctive interrogation, or a phrase implying doubt, and thus unites in itself the signif. of aut and num or -ne, or, or whether (hence the clause with an is entirely parallel with that introduced by num, utrum, -ne, etc., while aut forms only a subdivision in the single disjunctive clause; utrum... aut—an... aut, whether... or, etc.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. p. 150; v. also aut).

In disjunctive interrogations.

Direct.

Introd. by utrum (in Engl. the introd. particle whether is now obsolete, and the interrogation is denoted simply by the order of the words):

Utrum hac me feriam an ab laevā latus?

Plaut. Cist. 3, 10:

sed utrum tu amicis hodie an inimicis tuis Daturu's cenam?

id. Ps. 3, 2, 88; id. Pers. 3, 1, 13; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138; id. Cas. 2, 4, 11:

Utrum sit annon voltis?

id. Am. prol. 56:

quid facies? Utrum hoc tantum crimen praetermittes an obicies?

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 30 sq.:

in plebem vero Romanam utrum superbiam prius commemorem an crudelitatem?

id. Verr. 1, 122; id. Deiot. 23; id. Fam. 7, 13:

Utrum enim defenditis an impugnatis plebem?

Liv. 5, 3. —And with an twice:

Utrum hoc signum cupiditatis tuae an tropaeum necessitudinis atque hospitii an amoris indicium esse voluisti?

Cic. Verr. 2, 115; id. Imp. Pomp. 57 sq.; id. Rab. 21.—With an three times:

Utrum res ab initio ita ducta est, an ad extremum ita perducta, an ita parva est pecunia, an is (homo) Verres, ut haec quae dixi, gratis facta esse videantur?

Cic. Verr. 2, 61; 3, 83; id. Clu. 183; Liv. 21, 10; and seven times in Cic. Dom. 56-58.—With -ne pleon. (not to be confounded with cases where utrum precedes as pron.; as Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 9):

sed utrum tu masne an femina es, qui illum patrem voces?

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 16; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; id. Stich. 5, 4, 26:

Utrum studione id sibi habet an laudi putat Fore, si etc.,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 28:

Utrum igitur tandem perspicuisne dubia aperiuntur an dubiis perspicua tolluntur?

Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67.—And affixed to utrum, but rarely:

Utrumne jussi persequemur otium... an hunc laborem etc.,

Hor. Epod. 1, 7; Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 4; Quint. 12, 1, 40.—

Introduced by -ne:

quid fit? seditio tabetne an numeros augificat suos?

Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 23 Rib.:

servos esne an liber?

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 186:

idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?

Cic. Lig. 18; 23:

custosne urbis an direptor et vexator esset Antonius?

id. Phil. 3, 27; id. Mur. 88; id. Sull. 22.—

So with an twice,

Cic. Cat. 1, 28; id. Att. 16, 8;

and five times,

id. Balb. 9.—

Introduced by nonne:

Nonne ad servos videtis rem publicam venturam fuisse? An mihi ipsi fuit mors aequo animo oppetenda?

Cic. Sest. 47; id. Sex. Rosc. 43 sq.; id. Dom. 26; 127.—So with an twice, Cic. Phil. 11, 36.—

Introduced by num:

si quis invidiae metus, num est vehementius severitatis invidia quam inertiae pertimescenda?

Cic. Cat. 1, 29; id. Mur. 76; id. Sest. 80:

Num quid duas habetis patrias an est illa patria communis?

id. Leg. 2, 2.—

Without introductory particle:

quid igitur? haec vera an falsa sunt?

Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 95:

quid enim exspectas? bellum an tabulas novas?

id. Cat. 2, 18:

ipse percussit an aliis occidendum dedit?

id. Sex. Rosc. 74; id. Verr. 2, 106; id. Imp. Pomp. 53; id. Phil. 2, 27:

eloquar an sileam?

Verg. A. 3, 37:

auditis an me ludit amabilis Insania?

Hor. C. 3, 4, 5.—So an twice, Cic. Mil. 54;

three times,

Plin. Ep. 2, 8;

and six times,

Cic. Rab. 14; id. Pis. 40.—

Indirect.

Introduced by utrum:

quid tu, malum, curas, Utrum crudum an coctum edim?

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16; id. Cist. 4, 2, 11; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 1; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74:

quaero, si quis... utrum is clemens an inhumanissimus esse videatur,

Cic. Cat. 4, 12:

agitur, utrum M. Antonio facultas detur an horum ei facere nihil liceat,

id. Phil. 5, 6; id. Sex. Rosc. 72; id. Imp. Pomp. 42; id. Verr. 1, 105.

aut for an: Loquimini de me utrum bovem cujusquam tulerim aut asinum, 1 Reg. 12, 3.—And with -ne pleon.:

res in discrimine versatur, utrum possitne se contra luxuriem parsimonia defendere an deformata cupiditati addicatur,

Cic. Quinct. 92:

numquamne intelleges statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi, qui istam rem gesserunt, homicidaene sint an vindices libertatis?

id. Phil. 2, 30.—

Introduced by -ne:

Fortunāne an forte repertus,

Att. Trag. Rel. p. 159 Rib. agitur autem liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus, Cic. Phil. 11, 24; id. Verr. 4, 73; id. Mil. 16:

nunc vero non id agitur, bonisne an malis moribus vivamus etc.,

Sall. C. 52, 10.—So with an three times, Cic. Or. 61.—

Introduced by an:

haud scio an malim te videri... an amicos tuos plus habuisse,

Cic. Pis. 39.—

Without introd. particle:

... vivam an moriar, nulla in me est metus,

Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 72 Rib.:

vivat an mortuus sit, quis aut scit aut curat?

Cic. Phil. 13, 33; 3, 18; id. Sex. Rosc. 88; id. Red. in Sen. 14.—

Sometimes the opinion of the speaker or the probability inclines to the second interrogative clause (cf. infra, II. E.). and this is made emphatic, as a corrective of the former, or rather, or on the contrary:

ea quae dixi ad corpusne refers? an est aliquid, quod te suā sponte delectet?

Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 107:

Cur sic agere voluistis? An ignoratis quod etc.,

Vulg. Gen. 44, 15.—Hence, in the comic poets, an potius:

cum animo depugnat suo, Utrum itane esse mavelit ut... An ita potius ut etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 31: id. Stich. 1, 2, 18; id. Trin. 2, 2, 25:

an id flagitium est, An potius hoc patri aequomst fieri, ut a me ludatur dolis?

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 94.—

The first part of the interrogation is freq. not expressed, but is to be supplied from the context; in this case, an begins the interrog., or, or rather, or indeed, or perhaps (but it does not begin an absolute, i. e. not disjunctive, interrog.): De. Credam ego istuc, si esse te hilarem videro. Ar. An tu esse me tristem putas? (where nonne me hilarem esse vides? is implied), Plaut. As. 5, 1, 10: Ch. Sed Thaïs multon ante venit? Py. An abiit jam a milite? Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 7:

An ego Ulixem obliscar umquam?

Att. Trag. Rel. p. 199 Rib.:

An parum vobis est quod peccatis?

Vulg. Josh. 22, 17:

est igitur aliquid, quod perturbata mens melius possit facere quam constans? an quisquam potest sine perturbatione mentis irasci?

Cic. Tusc. 4, 24, 54; cf. id. Clu. 22; id. Off. 3, 29: Debes hoc etiam rescribere, sit tibi curae Quantae conveniat Munatius; an male sarta Gratia nequiquam coit...? or is perhaps, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31 K. and H. —So esp. in Cic., in order to make the truth of an assertion more certain, by an argumentum a minore ad majus:

cur (philosophus) pecuniam magno opere desideret vel potius curet omnino? an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi non potuerunt?

Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 89 sq.:

An vero P. Scipio T. Gracchum privatus interfecit, Catilinam vero nos consules perferemus?

id. Cat. 1, 1; so id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 14, 5, 12 Muret.; id. Fin. 1, 2, 5, ubi v. Madv.—It sometimes introduces a question suggested by the words of another: He. Mane. Non dum audisti, Demea, Quod est gravissimum? De. An quid est etiam anplius? Is there then etc., Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 21:

sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim. An me, inquam, nisi te audire vellem censes haec dicturum fuisse?

Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28; 2, 22, 74; id. Tusc. 5, 26, 73; 5, 12, 35; id. Brut. 184; id. Fat. 2, 4; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28.—It sometimes anticipates an answer to something going before: At vero si ad vitem sensus accesserit, ut appetitum quendam habeat et per se ipsa moveatur, quid facturam putas? An ea, quae per vinitorem antea consequebatur, per se ipsa curabit? shall we not say that, must we not think that etc., Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 38, ubi v. Madv.—

An non. and in one word, annon (in direct questions more freq. than necne):

isne est quem quaero an non?

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 12:

Hocine agis an non?

id. And. 1, 2, 15:

Tibi ego dico an non?

id. ib. 4, 4, 23:

utrum sit an non voltis?

Plaut. Am. prol. 56:

utrum cetera nomina in codicem accepti et expensi digesta habes annon?

Cic. Rosc. Com. 3 al. —Also in indirect questions = necne, q. v.:

abi, vise redieritne jam an non dum domum,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 4, 5:

videbo utrum clamorem opere conpleverint, an non est ita,

Vulg. Gen. 18, 21; 24, 21.—

An ne, usually written anne, pleon. for an.

In direct questions:

anne tu dicis quā ex causā vindicaveris?

Cic. Mur. 26. —

In indirect questions:

nec. aequom anne iniquom imperet, cogitabit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 19; id. Ps. 1, 1, 122:

percontarier, Utrum aurum reddat anne eat secum simul,

id. Bacch. 4, 1, 4:

Nam quid ego de consulato loquar, parto vis, anue gesto?

Cic. Pis. 1, 3:

cum interrogetur, tria pauca sint anne multa,

id. Ac. 2, 29:

Gabinio dicam anne Pompeio, an utrique,

id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 57; so id. Or. 61, 206:

Quid enim interest, divitias, opes, valetudinem bona dicas anne praeposita, cum etc.,

id. Fin. 4, 9, 23 Madv.; August. ap. Suet. Aug. 69 al. (for the omission of the second disjunctive clause or the particle necne representing it, v. utrum;

instances of this usage in eccl. Lat. are,

Vulg. Lev. 13, 36; 14, 36; ib. Num. 11, 23 al.).—

In disjunctive clauses that express doubt, or.

Utrum stultitiā facere ego hunc an malitiā Dicam, scientem an imprudentem, incertus sum. Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 54:

ut nescias, utrum res oratione an verba sententiis illustrentur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56:

honestumne factu sit an turpe, dubitant,

id. Off. 1, 3, 9:

nescio, gratulerne tibi an timeam,

id. Fam. 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 5:

pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud facile discerneres,

Sall. C. 25, 3; so id. ib. 52, 10; Suet. Aug. 19; id. Tib. 10; id. Claud. 15:

cognoscet de doctrinā, utrum ex Deo sit an ego a me ipso loquar,

Vulg. Joan. 7, 17; ib. Eccl. 2, 19 al.—

An sometimes denotes uncertainty by itself, without a verb of doubting (dubito, dubium or incertum est, etc., vet in such cases the editors are divided between an and aut; cf. Mos. and Orell. ad Cic. Rep. 1, 12): verene hoc memoriae proditum est [p. 115] regem istum Numam Pythagorae ipsius discipulum, an certe Pythagoreum fuisse? Cic. Rep. 2, 15, where B. and K. read aut certe: Cn. Octavius est an Cn. Cornelius quidam tuus familiaris, summo genere natus, terrae filius;

is etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 9 B. and K.:

Themistocles quidem, cum ei Simonides an quis alius artem memoriae polliceretur, Oblivionis, inquit, mallem,

Simonides or some other person, id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. Fam. 7, 9, 3; id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 2, 7, 3; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—

It often stands for sive (so esp. in and after the Aug. per.):

quod sit an non, nihil commovet analogiam,

whether this be so or not, Varr. L. L. 9, § 105 Müll.; Att. ap. Prisc. p. 677 P.; Ov. R. Am. 797:

saucius an sanus, numquid tua signa reliqui,

id. F. 4, 7:

Illa mihi referet, si nostri mutua curast, An minor, an toto pectore deciderim,

Tib. 3, 1, 20; Tac. A. 11, 26:

sive nullam opem praevidebat inermis atque exul, seu taedio ambiguae spei an amore conjugis et liberorum,

id. ib. 14, 59.—

The first disjunctive clause is freq. to be supplied from the gen. idea or an may stand for utrum—necne (cf. supra, I. D.):

qui scis, an, quae jubeam, sine vi faciat? (vine coactus is to be supplied),

how knowest thou whether or not he will do it without compulsion? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 20:

An dolo malo factum sit, ambigitur,

Cic. Tull. 23:

quaesivi an misisset (periplasmata),

id. Verr. 4, 27:

Vide an facile fieri tu potueris, cum etc.,

id. Fragm. B. 13, 2, 1:

praebete aurem et videte an mentiar,

Vulg. Job, 6, 28: de L. Bruto fortasse dubitaverim an propter infinitum odium tyranni effrenatius in Aruntem invaserit, I might doubt whether or not, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Verr. 3, 76:

Quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summae Tempora di superi?

Hor. C. 4, 7, 17; Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 3; Quint. 2, 17, 38:

Sine videamus an veniat Elias,

Vulg. Matt. 27, 49:

tria sine dubio rursus spectanda sunt, an sit, quid sit, quale sit,

Quint. 5, 10, 53:

dubium an quaesitā morte,

Tac. A. 1, 5; 6, 50; 4, 74:

Multitudo an vindicatura Bessum fuerit, incertum est,

Curt. 7, 5:

diu Lacedaemonii, an eum summae rei praeponerent, deliberaverunt,

Just. 6, 2, 4 et saep.—

Since in such distrib. sentences expressive of doubt, the opinion of the speaker or the probability usually inclines to the second, i. e. to the clause beginning with an, the expressions haud scio an, nescio an, dubito an (the latter through all pers. and tenses), incline to an affirmative signification, I almost know, I am inclined to think, I almost think, I might say, I might assert that, etc., for perhaps, probably (hence the opinion is incorrect that an, in this situation, stands for an non; for by an non a negation of the objective clause is expressed, e. g. nescio an non beatus sit, I am almost of the opinion that he is not happy, v. infra, and cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 1, Exc. XI. p. 335 sq.; Cic. uses haud scio an eleven times in his Orations;

nescio an, four times): atque haud scio an, quae dixit sint vera omnia,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 45:

crudele gladiatorum spectaculum et inhumanum non nullis videri solet: et haud scio an ita sit, ut nunc fit,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41; id. Fl. 26:

testem non mediocrem, sed haud scio an gravissimum,

perhaps, id. Off. 3, 29:

constantiam dico? nescio an melius patientiam possim dicere,

id. Lig. 9; id. Fam. 9, 19:

ingens eo die res, ac nescio an maxima illo bello gesta sit,

Liv. 23, 16; Quint. 12, 11, 7 al.:

si per se virtus sine fortunā ponderanda sit, dubito an Thrasybulum primum omuium ponam,

I am not certain whether I should not prefer Thrasybulus to all others, Nep. Thras. 1 Dähne:

dicitur acinace stricto Darius dubitāsse an fugae dedecus honestā morte vitaret,

i. e. was almost resolved upon, Curt. 4, 5, 30:

ego dubito an id improprium potius appellem,

Quint. 1, 5, 46; Gell. 1, 3 al.—Hence, a neg. objective clause must contain in this connection the words non, nemo, nullus, nihil, numquam, nusquam, etc.:

dubitet an turpe non sit,

he is inclined to believe that it is not bad, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

haud scio an ne opus quidem sit, nihil umquam deesse amicis,

id. Am. 14, 51:

eloquentiā quidem nescio an habuisset parem neminem,

id. Brut. 33: quod cum omnibus est faciendum tum haud scio an nemini potius quam tibi, to no one perhaps more, id. Off. 3, 2, 6:

meā sententiā haud scio an nulla beatior esse possit,

id. Sen. 16; id. Leg. 1, 21:

non saepe atque haud scio an numquam,

id. Or. 2, 7 al. —

Sometimes the distributive clause beginning with an designates directly the opposite, the more improbable, the negative; in which case nescio an, haud scio an, etc., like the Engl. I know not whether, signify I think that not, I believe that not, etc.; hence, in the object. clause, aliquis, quisquam, ullus, etc., must stand instead of nemo, nullus, etc. (so for the most part only after Cic.): an profecturus sim, nescio, I know not (i. e. I doubt, I am not confident) whether I shall effect any thing, Sen. Ep. 25:

opus nescio an superabile, magnum certe tractemus,

id. Q. N. 3, praef. 4; Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: haud scio an vivere nobis liceret, I know not whether we, etc., Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22: doleo enim maximam feminam eripi oculis civitatis, nescio an aliquid simile visuris, for I know not whether they will ever see any thing of this kind, Plin. Ep. 7, 19; Val. Max. 5, 2, 9:

nescio an ullum tempus jucundius exegerim,

I do not know whether I have ever passed time more pleasantly, id. 3, 1:

namque huic uni contigit, quod nescio an ulli,

Nep. Timol. 1, 1; Sen. Contr. 3 praef.; Quint. 9, 4, 1:

nostri quoque soloecum, soloecismum nescio an umquam dixerint,

Gell. 5, 20 al. Cf. upon this word Hand, Turs. I. pp. 296-361, and Beier, Exc. ad Cic. Am. pp. 202-238.

an-, v. ambi.

- ăn. This word appears in forsan, forsitan, and fortasse an (Att. Trag. Rel. p. 151 Rib.) or fortassan, seeming to enhance the idea of uncertainty and doubt belonging to fors, etc., and is regarded by some as the Greek conditional particle an, and indeed one of these compounds, forsitan, sometimes in the Vulgate, translates an; as, Joan. 4, 10; 5, 46; 8, 19; and in 3, Joan. 9, it still represents the various reading, an.

Arbēla, ōrum, n., = Arbêla.

A town in Adiabene, a province of Assyria, now Arbil. Between this town and Gaugamela, Alexander the Great defeated Darius, Curt. 4, 9; 5, 1; Amm. 23, 6. In Plin. 37, 10, 55, § 149, it designates the region of Arbela.—

A town in Sicily, Sil. 14, 272, where MSS. also give Arabela.

Bessus, i, m.

A Bessian; v. Bessi. —

Bêssos, a viceroy of Bactria, the murderer of Darius Codomannus, Curt. 5, 8, 4; 5, 9, 2; Just. 12, 5, 10.

bĭbo, bĭbi (post-class. part. fut. bĭbĭtūrus, Hier. Isa. 8, 25, 8; Vulg. Matt. 20, 22; id. Act. 23, 12; Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1; part. perf. bĭbĭtus, a, um, Cael. Aur. Chron. 4, 3, 60; Capitol. Ver. 5, 3; Aem. Mac. c. de Porro; Plin. Val. 2, 18; inf. apocop. biber, Cato, Titin., and Fannii Annal. ap. Charis. p. 99), 3, v. a. [root bi; Gr. pi-, pinô, pepôka; whence Lat. poto, as if from po; Sanscr. pī; Slav. piti; Lith. pota], to drink (usually from thirst, a natural want; poto, to drink from passion, habit, etc.; but poto is occasionally used of water, etc., e. g. Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179; cf.:

bibere naturae est, potare luxuriae,

Isid. Diff. 1. 74; and the partt. potus and potatus are regularly used instead of the partt. of bibo).

With acc.

Of the liquid drunk:

per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,

Cato, R. R. 73:

jejunus heminam bibito,

id. ib. 126:

si voles vinum Choum bibere, licebit bibas,

id. ib. 48: eapse merum condidicit bibere;

foribus dat aquam quam bibant,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 4:

vicit vinum quod bibi,

Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 1:

Darius in fugā cum aquam turbidam bibisset,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97:

patrono malo suadebat ut mulsum frigidum biberet,

id. de Or. 2, 70, 282:

viveret, nisi illud (i. e. venenum) bibisset,

Quint. 8, 5, 31:

bibo aquam,

id. 6, 3, 93:

cur apud te vinum aetate tuā vetustius bibitur?

Sen. Vit. Beat. 17, 2:

nisi Hy. mettia mella Falerno Ne biberis diluta,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 15:

et Veientani bibitur faex crassa rubelli,

Mart. 1, 103, 9:

lac bibere,

to suck, Ov. Am. 3, 10, 22; id. M. 9, 377; 9, 615.—Also nutricem bibere (i. e. lac de nutrice), App. M. 2, p. 115, 29.— Poet.;

Caecubam... Tu bibes uvam (i. e. vinum),

Hor. C. 1, 20, 10:

in usu radix tantum duabus drachmis bibenda (i. e. sucus radicis),

Plin. 25, 6, 30, § 67.—

Pocula or cyathos bibere.

Poet., = vinum (cf. pinein kratêras):

tristia cum multo pocula felle bibat,

Tib. 1, 5, 50:

ipse bibebam Sobria suppositā pocula victor aquā,

id. 1, 6, 28:

plura pocula = plus vini,

id. 1, 9, 59; so,

nomismata and aera,

id. 1, 26, 3.—

Of the number of cups drunk at a merry-making: vide quot cyathos bibimus: St. Tot quot digiti sunt tibi in manu, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 24.—Esp. of the custom of drinking names, i. e. as many cups as there are letters in a name proposed; the number is frequently expressed by fractional parts of the as (uncia = a cyathus;

quincunx = 5 cyathi, etc.): quincunces et sex cyathos bessemque bibamus, Gaius ut fiat, Julius, et Proculus,

Mart. 11, 36, 7:

crebros ergo licet bibas trientes,

id. 1, 106, 8:

diluti bibis unciam Falerni,

id. v. 3 (cf. with potare:

sextantes et deunces,

id. 12, 28).—Hence, nomen bibere, Julium, etc., bibere:

ut jugulem curas, nomen utrumque bibam,

Mart. 8, 57, 26:

Laevia sex cyathis, septem Justina bibatur, Quinque Lycas, Lyde quattuor, Ida tribus,

id. 1, 71, 1 sq.:

Astyanacta bibes,

id. 8, 6, 16.—

Fluvium, undam, pruinas bibere ( poet.).

= aquam ex flumine bibere:

priusquam Pabula gustassent Trojae Xanthumque bibissent,

Verg. A. 1, 473:

jam crassus torrens bibitur tamen,

Stat. Th. 4, 821:

puram bibis amnibus undam,

Claud. Laud. Herc. 74.—

Trop., to arrive at the region of the river:

non illum nostri possunt mutare labores, Nec si... Hebrumque bibamus Sithoniasque nives... subeamus (i. e. si Thraciam adeamus),

Verg. E. 10, 65:

ante... Aut Ararim Parthus bibet, aut Germania Tigrim Quam, etc.,

sooner will the Parthians come to Germany, or the Germans to the country of the Parthians, id. ib. 1, 63:

turbaque Phasiacam Graia bibistis aquam,

Ov. H. 12, 10.—Hence,

Qui flumen bibunt, = the inhabitants of the country through which the river passes:

qui Tiberim Fabarimque bibunt,

Verg. A. 7, 715:

qui profundum Danubium bibunt,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 21:

qui Nilum ex ipso protinus ore bibunt,

Mart. 7, 88, 6:

populosque bibentes Euphraten,

Luc. 8, 213:

qui te, Nile, bibit, Claud. Prob. et Olybr. 38.—So of an inland sea: caesamque bibens Maeotin Alanus,

Claud. in Rufin. 1, 812.—Of a single person:

extremum Tanaim si biberes, Lyce,

Hor. C. 3, 10, 1.—Similarly, montium pruinas bibere, of the rivers fed by a mountain range:

amniumque... quicunque Odrysias bibunt pruinas,

Mart. 10, 7, 2: fluvios qui... Alpinasque bibunt de more pruinas, Claud. Prob. et Olybr. 255.—

Bibere aquas, to be drowned:

neu bibat aequoreas naufragus hostis aquas,

Ov. H. 7, 62.— Transf., of ships, to founder, to be wrecked: o utinam... Argo funestas pressa bibisset aquas! Ov. Am. 2, 11, 6.—

Sanguinem or cruorem bibere.

Sanguinem, in a figurative sense, = sanguinem sitire:

cujus sanguinem (Antonium) non bibere censeatis? (sitire, animo bibere),

Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 10.—

Cruorem bibere, to draw blood, to kill:

hasta virgineum alte bibit acta cruorem,

Verg. A. 11, 803; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 78.—

Transf. to things other than liquids.

Of concrete things: dixit et ardentes avido bibit ore favillas, breathed in, drew in (of the sparks of a funeral pyre), Mart. 1, 42, 5:

vigilandae noctes et fuligo lucubrationum bibenda,

inhale, Quint. 11, 3, 23.—

Figuratively, of abstract things.

= cupideaudire, legere:

pugnas et exactos tyrannos... bibit aure vulgus,

eagerly listens to, Hor. C. 2, 13, 32:

incipe: suspensis auribus ista bibam,

Prop. 3, 4, 8: hinc ille justitiae haustus bibat, imbibe (by reading) the love of justice, Quint. 12, 2, 31: illa divino fruitur sermone parentis, maternosque bibit mores, Claud. Nupt. Hon. et Mar. 231.—

To imbibe, be affected with:

infelix Dido, longumque bibebat amorem,

Verg. A. 1, 749:

totisque novum bibit ossibus ignem,

the fire of love, Stat. Achill. 1, 303.—

To draw out, exhaust: nudae illae artes omnem sucum ingenii bibunt, Quint. prooem. 24.—

To swallow, i. e. forget:

quamquam ego vinum bibo, mandata hau consuevi simul bibere una,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 1, 3. —

Transf., of inanim. subjects, to absorb liquids, draw, imbibe them:

id si feceris metreta oleum non bibet,

Cato, R. R. 100. —So trop.:

claudite jam rivos... sat prata biberunt,

Verg. E. 3, 111:

inriguumque bibant violaria fontem,

id. G. 4, 32:

quae (terra) bibit humorem,

absorbs moisture, id. ib. 2, 218:

amphora fumum bibere instituta,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 11:

mista bibunt molles lacrimis unguenta favillae,

Ov. F. 3, 561:

tunc bibit irriguus fertilis hortus aquas,

Tib. 2, 1, 44:

lanarum nigrae nullum colorem bibunt,

take no color, Plin. 8, 48, 73, § 193; so,

candorem (i. e. colorem candidum) bibere,

id. 31, 11, 47, § 123: arcus bibit (aquas) and nubes bibunt (aquas), the rainbow, the clouds draw water (according to a popular belief among the ancients):

cur bibit arcus aquas?

Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 32:

et bibit ingens Arcus,

Verg. G. 1, 380.—And, jestingly, of an old woman given to drink: ecce autem, bibit arcus;

hercle, credo, hodie pluet,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 39 (44):

unde aures nubesque bibunt atque imbrifer arcus,

Stat. Th. 9, 405.—So with object understood:

bibite, festivae fores,

with reference to the wine spilled, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 88:

palma toto anno bibere amat, i. e. aquam,

Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 28.—

Absol. (the obj. acc. understood).

Sc. aquam:

nec sitis est exstincta priusquam vita bibendo (of those seized by the plague),

Ov. M. 7, 569.—

Of liquids in general:

numquam sitiens biberat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97:

edendi mihi erit bibendique finis desideria naturae restinguere,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:

ut nec bibant sine ambitione, nec edant,

id. ib. 12, 5:

conducit inter cibos bibere,

Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 41:

vino debemus homines quod soli animalium non sitientes bibimus,

id. 23, 1, 23, § 42.—

Esp. of wine:

es, bibe, animo obsequere mecum,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 82:

quamquam illud est dulce, esse et bibere,

id. Trin. 2, 1, 37:

jam diu factum postquam bibimus: nimis diu sicci sumus,

id. Pers. 5, 2, 45; id. Poen. 4, 2, 13:

decet luxuriosum bibendo mori,

Quint. 8, 5, 23:

ut jejuni biberent,

Plin. 14, 28 med. — Pass. impers. bibitur, they drink, he drinks, people drink:

dies noctisque estur, bibitur,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 78:

ab tertiā horā bibebatur, ludebatur, vomebatur,

Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 104:

bibitur usque eo dum de solio ministretur,

id. Pis. 27, 67.—

With adverbs or adverbial phrases.

Of manner:

jucundius bibere,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97; id. Att. 13, 52, 1:

large,

Plin. 10, 34, 52, § 105:

fit invitatio ut Graeco more biberetur, i. e. propinando,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66.—

With num. adv. denoting the number of cups:

jam bis bibisse oportuit,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 122:

sic ago, semel bibo,

id. Rud. 3, 6, 46:

plus quam deciens, Sextiliane, bibis,

Mart. 1, 26, 10:

quare bis deciens, Sextiliane bibis?

id. 1, 11, 2.—

With abl. or prep. and abl.

Of the liquid, river, etc.:

de eo vino... bibito ante cenam,

Cato, R. R. 114: a fonte bibatur... [p. 236] an lacu, Mart. 9, 99, 9:

ab amne,

id. 12, 11:

ex aquā,

Prop. 2, 30, 32:

ex fonte,

id. 4, 4, 14.—

Of the vessel.

Abl.:

gemmā, i. e. poculo ex gemmā facto,

Verg. G. 2, 506:

caelato = e poculo caelato,

Juv. 12, 47:

conchā,

id. 6, 304:

fictilibus,

id. 10, 25:

testā,

Mart. 3, 82, 3:

vitro,

id. 1, 37, 2; 4, 85, 1:

ossibus humanorum capitum,

Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 12.—And bibere understood:

poscunt majoribus poculis, i. e. bibi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66.—

With ex: ex solido auro, L. Varius ap. Macr. 6, 1:

e gemmā,

Prop. 3, 3, 26.—

With in:

hac licet in gemmā bibas,

Mart. 14, 120:

in Priami calathis,

id. 8, 6, 16:

in auro,

Sen. Thyest. 453:

in argento potorio,

Dig. 34, 12, 21:

in ossibus capitum,

Flor. 3, 4, 2.—

Particular phrases.

Bibe si bibis = bibe nunc, si omnino bibere vis, a formula urging to drink, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 33; 5, 4, 51 (cf.:

age, si quid agis,

id. ib. 5, 4, 35).—

Dare bibere, to give to drink, a Grecism, perh. only in the foll. passages: date illi biber, Titin ap. Charis. p. 99 P. (Com. Rel. v. 78 Rib.):

jubebat biber dari, Fann. Ann. ib: bibere da usque plenis cantharis,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 40 (45):

quod jussi ei dari bibere,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 4; cf.:

ut Jovi bibere ministraret,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:

ut bibere sibi juberet dari,

Liv. 40, 47, 5: cf.: dare with subj.:

tum vos date bibat tibicini,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 16.—And with rel. and subj.:

nimium dabat quod biberem,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 19:

dat aquam quam bibant,

id. Curc. 1, 3, 4.—

Prov.:

aut bibat aut abeat, taken from the Greek banquets, in which the chairman (arbiter bibendi,

Hor. C. 2, 7, 25) could demand unconditional submission to the drinking laws (ê pithi, ê apithi), Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 118.

bĭbo, ōnis, m. [1. bibo], a tippler, drunkard, Firm. Math. 5, 4 fin. —

Esp., a kind of worm bred in wine, Afran. ap. Isid. Orig. 12, 8, 16 (Com. Rel. v. 406 Rib.; al. bibiones).

issus, a, um, adj., a childish form of ipse, used with little children as a term of endearment: ISSA HAVE, Inscr. ap. Fabr. p. 45, n. 255.— Issa, the name of a pet slut, Mart. 1, 109.—Also dim.: ‡ issŭlus, a, um, Inscr. ap. Fabr. n. 254.

Issus or - os, i, f., = Issos, a city of Cilicia, on the Mediterranean ( the Gulf of Issus, now Gulf of Iskenderun), at the foot of Mount Amanus, where Darius was defeated by Alexander, Mel. 1, 13, 1; Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 91; Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 3; Curt. 3, 8, 8. —

Deriv. Issĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Issus:

sinus,

the Gulf of Issus, Mel. 1, 13, 1; Plin. 2, 108, 112, § 243.

issus, a, um, adj., a childish form of ipse, used with little children as a term of endearment: ISSA HAVE, Inscr. ap. Fabr. p. 45, n. 255.— Issa, the name of a pet slut, Mart. 1, 109.—Also dim.: ‡ issŭlus, a, um, Inscr. ap. Fabr. n. 254.

Issus or - os, i, f., = Issos, a city of Cilicia, on the Mediterranean ( the Gulf of Issus, now Gulf of Iskenderun), at the foot of Mount Amanus, where Darius was defeated by Alexander, Mel. 1, 13, 1; Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 91; Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 3; Curt. 3, 8, 8. —

Deriv. Issĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Issus:

sinus,

the Gulf of Issus, Mel. 1, 13, 1; Plin. 2, 108, 112, § 243.

issus, a, um, adj., a childish form of ipse, used with little children as a term of endearment: ISSA HAVE, Inscr. ap. Fabr. p. 45, n. 255.— Issa, the name of a pet slut, Mart. 1, 109.—Also dim.: ‡ issŭlus, a, um, Inscr. ap. Fabr. n. 254.

Issus or - os, i, f., = Issos, a city of Cilicia, on the Mediterranean ( the Gulf of Issus, now Gulf of Iskenderun), at the foot of Mount Amanus, where Darius was defeated by Alexander, Mel. 1, 13, 1; Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 91; Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 3; Curt. 3, 8, 8. —

Deriv. Issĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Issus:

sinus,

the Gulf of Issus, Mel. 1, 13, 1; Plin. 2, 108, 112, § 243.

Mĕgăbyzus, i, m., = Megabuzos.

A priest of Diana at Ephesus, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 93.—

One of Darius's generals, Just. 7, 3, 7.—

The name of a Persian eunuch, Quint. 5, 12, 21.

Ōchus, i, m., = Ôchos.

A river in Bactriana, that empties into the Oxus, Plin. 6, 16, 18, § 49; Curt. 7, 10, 15; Amm. 23, 6, 57.—

A surname of Artaxerxes III., king of Persia, Curt. 10, 5, 23.—

Son of Darius Codomannus, Curt. 4, 14, 22.

opto, āvi, ātum, 1 (optassis for optaveris, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 75), v. a. [root op, whence Gr. OPTÔ, opsomai; qs. to look out, pick out, = legere, eligere], to choose, select (anteclass. and poet.;

syn. deligo): utrum vis, opta, dum licet,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 14; id. Aul. prol. 11:

sapientius opta,

Ov. M. 2, 102: non video hic, quid magnopere optem, Lucil. ap. Non. 358, 13:

inhoneste parare divitias,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 2:

locum tecto,

Verg. A. 1, 425:

locum regno,

id. ib. 3, 109:

externos duces,

id. ib. 8, 503:

L. Furium optavit,

Liv. 6, 25.—Hence, in relig. lang.:

optatam hostiam, alii optimam, appellant eam, quam aedilis tribus constitutis hostiis optat, quam immolari velit,

Fest. p. 186 Müll. —

Transf., to wish, wish for, desire (the predominant signification of the word; cf.:

volo, cupio, desidero, aveo): tua vita optanda est, Ter Phorm. 1, 3, 12: nihil nisi quod honestum sit,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 66:

aliquid votis,

Verg. A. 10, 279:

vestitus, quem cupimus optamusque,

Cic. Phil. 14, 1, 2:

fortunam,

id. Pis. 14, 32.—With ut (class. and freq.):

(Phaëthon) optavit, ut in currum patris tolleretur,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94:

numquam a dis immortalibus optabo. ut, etc.,

id. Cat. 2, 7, 15.—With subj.:

optavi, peteres caelestia sidera tarde,

Ov. Tr. 2, 57.—With inf.:

hunc videre saepe optabamus diem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 29:

cujus integrā re consilium exquirere optassem,

Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2:

officia mandare, deponere optantibus,

id. Pan. 87, 2:

Darius equestri proelio decernere optabat,

Curt. 3, 11, 1; 4, 12, 4:

meliores liberos habere,

Suet. Oth. 1 fin.; Tac. Or. 9.—With acc. and inf.:

impleri sinus optabamus,

Quint. 10, 7, 23:

ex Indiā sospitem ipsum reverti,

Curt. 10, 1, 7:

quem te esse opto,

Cic. Fam. 10, 20, 3: omnes mortales sese laudarier optant, Enn. ap. Aug. Trin. 13, 6 (Ann. v. 551 Vahl.). — Absol.:

optare hoc quidem est, non docere,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 30; cf. id. Ac. 2, 38, 121; id Fat. 20, 47: optare alicui aliquid, to wish one any thing, in a good sense:

equidem tibi bona optavi omnia,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 25:

tibi optamus eam rem publicam, in quā, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 97, 331;

but mostly in a bad sense (= imprecari): si totum exercitum mortem mihi optasse crederem, Liv 28, 27, 10: quid mali feci, ut mihi pejorem reditum quam exitum optares?

Sen. Ben. 6, 37, 2:

furorem et insaniam optare alicui,

id. Pis. 20, 46; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107: aliquid ab aliquo, to desire, require, demand any thing of any one:

quodvis donum et praemium a me optato, id optatum feres,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27:

hoc et pallidus optas,

pray for, Juv. 10, 189.—Hence, op-tātus, a, um, P. a., wished, desired, longed for, agreeable, pleasing, pleasant, dear (class.):

optati cives, populares, incolae,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 1:

rumores,

Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 1:

gloria,

Juv. 10, 187.— Comp.:

nihil mihi fuit optatius, quam, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 1.— Sup.:

vale, mi optime et optatissime frater,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 8, 2.—

Subst.: optātum, i, n., a wish, desire:

di tibi semper omnia optata offerant,

Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 21; cf.

afferant,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 105: eveniunt optata deae. Ov. M. 6, 370:

impetrare optatum,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94:

praeter optatum meum,

against my wish, id. Pis. 20, 46:

meis optatis fortuna respondit,

id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:

mihi in optatis est,

it is my wish, I wish, id. ib. 2, 13, 2.—Hence, adv.: optā-tō, according to one's wish (class.):

optato venire,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 26:

mihi veneris,

Cic. Att. 13, 28, 3:

optato ventis aestate coortis,

Verg. A. 10, 405. ‡† optostrōtum, i, n. [optos-strôton], a brick pavement, Not. Tir. p. 164.

opto, āvi, ātum, 1 (optassis for optaveris, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 75), v. a. [root op, whence Gr. OPTÔ, opsomai; qs. to look out, pick out, = legere, eligere], to choose, select (anteclass. and poet.;

syn. deligo): utrum vis, opta, dum licet,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 14; id. Aul. prol. 11:

sapientius opta,

Ov. M. 2, 102: non video hic, quid magnopere optem, Lucil. ap. Non. 358, 13:

inhoneste parare divitias,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 2:

locum tecto,

Verg. A. 1, 425:

locum regno,

id. ib. 3, 109:

externos duces,

id. ib. 8, 503:

L. Furium optavit,

Liv. 6, 25.—Hence, in relig. lang.:

optatam hostiam, alii optimam, appellant eam, quam aedilis tribus constitutis hostiis optat, quam immolari velit,

Fest. p. 186 Müll. —

Transf., to wish, wish for, desire (the predominant signification of the word; cf.:

volo, cupio, desidero, aveo): tua vita optanda est, Ter Phorm. 1, 3, 12: nihil nisi quod honestum sit,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 66:

aliquid votis,

Verg. A. 10, 279:

vestitus, quem cupimus optamusque,

Cic. Phil. 14, 1, 2:

fortunam,

id. Pis. 14, 32.—With ut (class. and freq.):

(Phaëthon) optavit, ut in currum patris tolleretur,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94:

numquam a dis immortalibus optabo. ut, etc.,

id. Cat. 2, 7, 15.—With subj.:

optavi, peteres caelestia sidera tarde,

Ov. Tr. 2, 57.—With inf.:

hunc videre saepe optabamus diem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 29:

cujus integrā re consilium exquirere optassem,

Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2:

officia mandare, deponere optantibus,

id. Pan. 87, 2:

Darius equestri proelio decernere optabat,

Curt. 3, 11, 1; 4, 12, 4:

meliores liberos habere,

Suet. Oth. 1 fin.; Tac. Or. 9.—With acc. and inf.:

impleri sinus optabamus,

Quint. 10, 7, 23:

ex Indiā sospitem ipsum reverti,

Curt. 10, 1, 7:

quem te esse opto,

Cic. Fam. 10, 20, 3: omnes mortales sese laudarier optant, Enn. ap. Aug. Trin. 13, 6 (Ann. v. 551 Vahl.). — Absol.:

optare hoc quidem est, non docere,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 30; cf. id. Ac. 2, 38, 121; id Fat. 20, 47: optare alicui aliquid, to wish one any thing, in a good sense:

equidem tibi bona optavi omnia,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 25:

tibi optamus eam rem publicam, in quā, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 97, 331;

but mostly in a bad sense (= imprecari): si totum exercitum mortem mihi optasse crederem, Liv 28, 27, 10: quid mali feci, ut mihi pejorem reditum quam exitum optares?

Sen. Ben. 6, 37, 2:

furorem et insaniam optare alicui,

id. Pis. 20, 46; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107: aliquid ab aliquo, to desire, require, demand any thing of any one:

quodvis donum et praemium a me optato, id optatum feres,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27:

hoc et pallidus optas,

pray for, Juv. 10, 189.—Hence, op-tātus, a, um, P. a., wished, desired, longed for, agreeable, pleasing, pleasant, dear (class.):

optati cives, populares, incolae,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 1:

rumores,

Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 1:

gloria,

Juv. 10, 187.— Comp.:

nihil mihi fuit optatius, quam, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 1.— Sup.:

vale, mi optime et optatissime frater,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 8, 2.—

Subst.: optātum, i, n., a wish, desire:

di tibi semper omnia optata offerant,

Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 21; cf.

afferant,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 105: eveniunt optata deae. Ov. M. 6, 370:

impetrare optatum,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94:

praeter optatum meum,

against my wish, id. Pis. 20, 46:

meis optatis fortuna respondit,

id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:

mihi in optatis est,

it is my wish, I wish, id. ib. 2, 13, 2.—Hence, adv.: optā-tō, according to one's wish (class.):

optato venire,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 26:

mihi veneris,

Cic. Att. 13, 28, 3:

optato ventis aestate coortis,

Verg. A. 10, 405. ‡† optostrōtum, i, n. [optos-strôton], a brick pavement, Not. Tir. p. 164.

opto, āvi, ātum, 1 (optassis for optaveris, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 75), v. a. [root op, whence Gr. OPTÔ, opsomai; qs. to look out, pick out, = legere, eligere], to choose, select (anteclass. and poet.;

syn. deligo): utrum vis, opta, dum licet,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 14; id. Aul. prol. 11:

sapientius opta,

Ov. M. 2, 102: non video hic, quid magnopere optem, Lucil. ap. Non. 358, 13:

inhoneste parare divitias,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 2:

locum tecto,

Verg. A. 1, 425:

locum regno,

id. ib. 3, 109:

externos duces,

id. ib. 8, 503:

L. Furium optavit,

Liv. 6, 25.—Hence, in relig. lang.:

optatam hostiam, alii optimam, appellant eam, quam aedilis tribus constitutis hostiis optat, quam immolari velit,

Fest. p. 186 Müll. —

Transf., to wish, wish for, desire (the predominant signification of the word; cf.:

volo, cupio, desidero, aveo): tua vita optanda est, Ter Phorm. 1, 3, 12: nihil nisi quod honestum sit,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 66:

aliquid votis,

Verg. A. 10, 279:

vestitus, quem cupimus optamusque,

Cic. Phil. 14, 1, 2:

fortunam,

id. Pis. 14, 32.—With ut (class. and freq.):

(Phaëthon) optavit, ut in currum patris tolleretur,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94:

numquam a dis immortalibus optabo. ut, etc.,

id. Cat. 2, 7, 15.—With subj.:

optavi, peteres caelestia sidera tarde,

Ov. Tr. 2, 57.—With inf.:

hunc videre saepe optabamus diem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 29:

cujus integrā re consilium exquirere optassem,

Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2:

officia mandare, deponere optantibus,

id. Pan. 87, 2:

Darius equestri proelio decernere optabat,

Curt. 3, 11, 1; 4, 12, 4:

meliores liberos habere,

Suet. Oth. 1 fin.; Tac. Or. 9.—With acc. and inf.:

impleri sinus optabamus,

Quint. 10, 7, 23:

ex Indiā sospitem ipsum reverti,

Curt. 10, 1, 7:

quem te esse opto,

Cic. Fam. 10, 20, 3: omnes mortales sese laudarier optant, Enn. ap. Aug. Trin. 13, 6 (Ann. v. 551 Vahl.). — Absol.:

optare hoc quidem est, non docere,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 30; cf. id. Ac. 2, 38, 121; id Fat. 20, 47: optare alicui aliquid, to wish one any thing, in a good sense:

equidem tibi bona optavi omnia,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 25:

tibi optamus eam rem publicam, in quā, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 97, 331;

but mostly in a bad sense (= imprecari): si totum exercitum mortem mihi optasse crederem, Liv 28, 27, 10: quid mali feci, ut mihi pejorem reditum quam exitum optares?

Sen. Ben. 6, 37, 2:

furorem et insaniam optare alicui,

id. Pis. 20, 46; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107: aliquid ab aliquo, to desire, require, demand any thing of any one:

quodvis donum et praemium a me optato, id optatum feres,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27:

hoc et pallidus optas,

pray for, Juv. 10, 189.—Hence, op-tātus, a, um, P. a., wished, desired, longed for, agreeable, pleasing, pleasant, dear (class.):

optati cives, populares, incolae,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 1:

rumores,

Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 1:

gloria,

Juv. 10, 187.— Comp.:

nihil mihi fuit optatius, quam, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 1.— Sup.:

vale, mi optime et optatissime frater,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 8, 2.—

Subst.: optātum, i, n., a wish, desire:

di tibi semper omnia optata offerant,

Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 21; cf.

afferant,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 105: eveniunt optata deae. Ov. M. 6, 370:

impetrare optatum,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94:

praeter optatum meum,

against my wish, id. Pis. 20, 46:

meis optatis fortuna respondit,

id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:

mihi in optatis est,

it is my wish, I wish, id. ib. 2, 13, 2.—Hence, adv.: optā-tō, according to one's wish (class.):

optato venire,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 26:

mihi veneris,

Cic. Att. 13, 28, 3:

optato ventis aestate coortis,

Verg. A. 10, 405. ‡† optostrōtum, i, n. [optos-strôton], a brick pavement, Not. Tir. p. 164.